SAP ABAP ROADMAP FOR 2025 STUDENT

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A Strategic Roadmap for the 2025 SAP ABAP Student Developer Executive Summary The landscape of SAP ABAP development is undergoing a transformative shift, driven by the pervasive adoption of SAP S/4HANA, the strategic pivot to cloud-native architectures, and the increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI). For students aspiring to become SAP ABAP developers in 2025, this evolution presents both challenges and unparalleled opportunities. This roadmap outlines the critical skills, essential learning resources, and strategic career considerations necessary to thrive in this dynamic environment. It emphasizes the imperative to acquire modern ABAP proficiencies, leverage diverse learning platforms for hands-on experience, pursue relevant certifications, and actively engage with the vibrant SAP community. By embracing these recommendations, students can navigate the evolving SAP ecosystem with confidence, positioning themselves for a rewarding and impactful career at the forefront ...
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CGA practical

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Practical :02

Aim:-study and enlist the basic function used for Graphics in C/C++/Python language .give an example for each of them:-


#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd= DETECT,gm,points[]={320,150,420,300,250,300,320,150};
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
line(50,50,90,50);
arc(100,100,210,330,50);
circle(70,250,50);
drawpoly(4,points);
setcolor(RED);
circle(50,420,40);
floodfill(50,420,RED);
setcolor(WHITE);
outtext("press any key to clear the screen..");
getch();
cleardevice();
outtext("press any key to exit..");
getch();
closegraph();
}



------------------[practical 3]------------------------

Aim:-Draw a co-ordinate axis at the center of the screen

#include<iostream.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd,gm;
int x0,y0,xmax,ymax;
clrscr();
detectgraph(&gd,&gm);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
xmax=getmaxx();
ymax=getmaxy();
x0=xmax/2;
y0=ymax/2;
line(x0,0,x0,ymax);
line(0,y0,xmax,y0);
getch();
closegraph();
}



----------------------[practical 4]---------------------

Aim:-Divide your screen into four region ,draw circle ,rectangle ,ellipse , and half ellipse in each region with appropriate message

#include<iostream.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd,gm;
clrscr();
detectgraph(&gd,&gm);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
line(320,0,320,480);
line(0,240,640,240);
circle(125,100,50);
outtextxy(90,180,"Circle");
rectangle(400,150,550,50);
outtextxy(450,180,"Rectangle");
arc(100,320,200,340,50);
outtextxy(70,390,"Arc");
ellipse(450,350,0,360,100,50);
outtextxy(450,430,"Ellipse");
getch();
closegraph();
}

-----------------------------------------[practical5]-------------------------------

Draw a simple Hut on the screen :-

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
clrscr();
initgraph(&gd
,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
setcolor(GREEN);
outtextxy(220,50,"MY SWEET HOME");
setcolor(WHITE);
rectangle(150,180,250,400);
rectangle(250,180,420,400);
rectangle(280,210,310,230);
rectangle(350,210,380,230);
rectangle(180,250,220,300);
line(200,100,150,180);
line(200,100,250,180);
line(200,100,370,100);
line(370,100,420,180);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,BLUE);
floodfill(152,182,WHITE);
floodfill(252,182,WHITE);
setfillstyle(SLASH_FILL,RED);
floodfill(182,252,WHITE);
setfillstyle(HATCH_FILL,YELLOW);
floodfill(200,105,WHITE);
floodfill(210,105,WHITE);
getch();
closegraph();
}


---------------------------------[practical6]-------------------------

Draw the following basic shapes int he center of the screen,

(1)
circle 

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y,r=80;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
outtextxy(x-25,100,"Circle");
circle(x,y,r);
getch();
closegraph();
}

(2) Rectangle

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y;
intitgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
outtextxy(x-25,100,"Rectangle");
rectangle(x-120,y-80,x+120,y+80);
getch();
closegraph();
}

(3)Square:-

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
outtextxy(x-25,100,"Square");
bar(x-100,y-100,x+100,y+100);
getch();
closegraph();
}


(4) Concentric Circles

#include<iostream.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,rc,rb,xc,yc,i;
float x,y;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\TURBOC3\\bgi");
cout<<"enter the radius of the outer circle:";
cin>>rc;
cout<<"enter the radius of the inner circle:";
cin>>rb;
cout<<"\n Enter the centre of both the circles:";
cin>>xc>>yc;
outtextxy(250,110,"Concentric Circles");
for(i=1;i<=360;i++)
{
x=xc+(rb*(cos(i)));
y=yc+(rb*(sin(i)));
putpixel(x,y,4);
}
for(i=1;i<=360;i++)
{
x=xc+(rc*(cos(i)));
y=yc+(rc*(sin(i)));
putpixel(x,y,4);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}


(5) Ellipse:-

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\TURBOC3\\bgi");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
outtextxy(x-25,100,"Ellipse");
ellipse(x,y,0,360,130,80);
getch();
closegraph();
}

(6) Line:-

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\TURBOC3\\bgi");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
outtextxy(x-25,100,"Line");
line(x-150,y-100,x+100,y+80);
getch();
closegraph();
}


-----------------------------[practical7]--------------------------

Aim:-Develop the program for DDA line drawing algorithm:-

#include<iostream.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<dos.h>
void main()
{
int xa,xb,ya,yb,dx,dy,steps,k;
float xinc,yinc,x,y;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
clrscr();
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
cout<<"\t **Implementation of DDA line algorithm to draw a straigth line\n\n";
cout<<"Enter the coordinates values xa and ya for 1st end point:";
cin>>xa>>ya;
cout<<"\n Enter the coordinates values of xb and yb for 2nd end point";
cin>>xb>>yb;
dx=xb-xa;
dy=yb-ya;
if(abs(dx)>abs(dy))
{
steps=abs(dx);
}
else
{
steps=abs(dy);
}
xinc=dx/steps;
yinc=dy/steps;
x=xa;
y=ya;
putpixel(x,y,14);
for(k=1;k<=steps;k++)
{
x=x+xinc;
y=y+yinc;
putpixel(x,y,14);
delay(100);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}
-----------------------------------[practical 8]---------------------------

Aim:-Develop the program for the mid-point circle drawing algorithm.



 #include<iostream.h>
 #include<stdio.h>
 #include<conio.h>
 #include<graphics.h>
 #include<math.h>
 #include<dos.h>
 void main()
 {
 int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y,r,xc,yc;
 float d;
 initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
 cleardevice();
 cout<<"\t **Implementation of mid-point circle algorithm\n\n";
 cout<<"enter the values of x and y the midpoints:\t";
 cin>>xc>>yc;
 cout<<"Enter the value of radius:\t";
 cin>>r;
 x=0;
 y=r;
 d=(5/4)-r;
 do
 {
 putpixel(xc+x,yc+y,13);
 putpixel(xc+y,yc+x,13);
 putpixel(xc+y,yc-x,13);
 putpixel(xc+x,yc-y,13);
 putpixel(xc-x,yc-y,13);
 putpixel(xc-y,yc-x,13);
 putpixel(xc-y,yc+x,13);
 putpixel(xc-x,yc+y,13);
 if(d<=0)
 d=d+2*x+3;
 else
 {
 d=d+2*(x-y)+5;
 y=y-1;
 }
 x=x+1;
 delay(50);
 }
 while(x<y);
 getch();
 closegraph();
 }

------------------[practical9]----------------------

Aim:-Write a program to implement 2D scaling.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x4,y4;
float sx,sy;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
cout<<"\t\t\t**Scaling of aline ***\n\n";
cout<<"\tEnter the coordinate of the line:";
cin>>x1>>y1>>x2>>y2;
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
cout<<"\n EWnter the scaling factor:\n";
cout<<"sx,sy=";
cin>>sx>>sy;
x3=(int)x1*sx;
y3=(int)y1*sy;
x4=(int)x2*sx;
y4=(int)x2*sy;
setcolor(YELLOW);
line(x3,y3,x4,y4);
getch();
closegraph();
}

//100 200 200 200 
//2    2



-------------------------[practical 10]--------------------

Aim:-Write a program to implement 2D translation.:-

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x4,y4,tx,ty;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
cout<<"\t\t\t**Translation of aline\n\n";
cout<<"\t enter the coordinates of the line:";
cin>>x1>>y1>>x2>>y2;
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
cout<<"\n enter translation distance:\n";
cout<<"tx,ty=";
cin>>tx>>ty;
x3=x1+tx;
y3=y1+ty;
x4=x2+tx;
y4=x2+ty;
setcolor(RED);
line(x3,y3,x4,y4);
getch();
closegraph();
}
-----------------------------[practical 11]------------------

Aim:-Write a program to fill a circle using Flood Fill Algorithm:-

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<dos.h>
void flodfill(int x,int y,int f,int o)
{
int c;
c=getpixel(x,y);
if(c==o)
{
setcolor(f);
putpixel(x,y,f);
delay(10);
flodfill(x+1,y,f,o);
flodfill(x,y+1,f,o);
flodfill(x+1,y+1,f,o);
flodfill(x-1,y-1,f,o);
flodfill(x-1,y,f,o);
flodfill(x,y-1,f,o);
flodfill(x-1,y+1,f,o);
flodfill(x+1,y-1,f,o);
}
}
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
rectangle(50,50,100,100);
flodfill(51,51,4,0)
getch();
}

-------------------------------[practical 12]--------------------------

Aim:-Write a program to fill a circle using Boundary Fill Algorithm.


#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int x,y,gd=DETECT,gm;
clrscr();
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
setbkcolor(14);
rectangle(50,50,100,100);
boundary(59,59,6,15);
getch();
closegraph();
}
boundary(int x,int y,int fillcolor, int backcolor)
{
if(getpixel(x,y)!=backcolor&&getpixel(x,y)!=fillcolor)
{
putpixel(x,y,fillcolor);
boundary(x+1,y,fillcolor,backcolor);
boundary(x,y+1,fillcolor,backcolor);
boundary(x+1,y+1,fillcolor,backcolor);
boundary(x-1,y-1,fillcolor,backcolor);
boundary(x-1,y,fillcolor,backcolor);
boundary(x,y-1,fillcolor,backcolor);
boundary(x+1,y-1,fillcolor,backcolor);
boundary(x-1,y+1,fillcolor,backcolor);
}
return 0;
}

---------------------------[practical13]----------------------

Aim:-Develop a simple text screen saver using graphics function:-


#include<iostream.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<dos.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,col=480,row=640,f=4,dir=2,s=8,c=15;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
cleardevice();
while(!kbhit())
{
settextstyle(random(f),random(dir),random(s));
setcolor(random(c));
outtextxy(random(col),random(row),"welcome to computer graphics");
delay(0);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}


----------------------[practical 14]---------------------

Aim:-Perform smiling face animation using graphics function.


#include<iostream.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<dos.h>
main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,area,temp1,temp2,left=25,top=75;
void*p;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
cleardevice();
setcolor(14);
circle(50,100,25);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,14);
floodfill(50,100,14);
setcolor(BLACK);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,WHITE);
fillellipse(44,85,2,6);
fillellipse(56,85,2,6);
ellipse(50,100,205,335,20,9);
ellipse(50,100,205,335,20,10);
ellipse(50,100,205,335,20,11);
area=imagesize(left,top,left+50,top+50);
p=malloc(area);
setcolor(15);
settextstyle(SANS_SERIF_FONT,HORIZ_DIR,2);
outtextxy(200,450,"Smiling Face Animation");
while(!kbhit())
{
temp1=1+random(588);
temp2=1+random(380);
getimage(left,top,left+50,top+50,p);
putimage(left,top,p,XOR_PUT);
putimage(temp1,temp2,p,XOR_PUT);
delay(500);
left=temp1;
top=temp2;
}
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}


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